Lamp-burner for incandescent mantles.



No. 638,686. Patented Dec I2 I A. ALBRECHT. LAMP BURNER FOR INCANDESGENT MANTLES.

(Application filed Au 14, 1897.)

(No Model.)

Wit "am.-

Z. an

111 yen tor: 6109 c/mmll z.

m2 wnms PETERS co. mmouma, wAsnwcTm, n c

UNITE-D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADOLF ALBRECHT, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

LAMP-BURNER FOR INCANDESCENT MANTLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 638,686, dated December 12, 1899.

Application filed August 14,1897. serial No. 648,254. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ADOLF ALBRECHT, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, and a resident of Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Connected with Lamp- Burners for Incandescent Light, (patented in Great Britain July 31, 1897, No. 17,971, and filed in Germany Harch17,1897, Nod/99,336, of which the following is a clear specification.

My invention refers to burners for producing incandescent light, more especially as applied to lamps in which mineral oil or spirit is consumed, and has for its object a more perfect combustion of the volatile fluid contained in the lamp and also an improved combination of the parts of which an incandescent burner is composed. I attain this object by employing two hoods of peculiar construction and resembling in shape a truncated cone. Said hoods are provided with sieve-like perforations and are found below the incandescent mantle. I effect by these means a complete rarefaction and combustion of the liquid in the lamps without varying in any appreciable degree the ordinary form of the lamp-burner, which can be of any known construction-such as, for instance, a round-wick or also a mitrailleuse burner.

To make my invention clear, I will describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figures 1, 2, and 3 show in vertical section my improvements adapted to or for roundwick burners. Figs. 4. and 5, also in vertical section, show the same as adapted for a mitrailleuse burner and at the same time in connection with a lifting mechanism. Figs. 6 and 7 are plan views of parts belonging to Fig. l.

It is well known that gaseous vapors are only fully generated from the volatile liquid when a complete combustion can take place. lVith this object in view it has been tried to surround the wick of ordinary lamps with metal cylinders, but the channel so formed has been found to inclose and limit the proper spreading of the flame; nor is this disadvantage obviated by decreasing or reducing the diameter of the aforesaid channel, for should the latter be too narrow both the combustion and rarefaction will be injuriouslyv retarded on account of an insufficient access of air. My improved construction, in accordance with its purpose of fully effecting the free expansion of the flame, permits, however, of this channel being made very narrow.

In my burner, as hereinafter more fully described, I obviate the above-mentioned objections by the employment of the two perforated hoods or truncated cones c and d. The inner cone 0, provided with perforations and of fireproof material, (preferably of brass or the like,) is open on the side toward the burner-tube, and although the form or shape of this cone admits of several modifications the same can always be characterized by the varying form of the annular contracted space produced by the parts 0 and cl at the points 0 d. This bulge or outward extension of the part c and the contraction or reduction in diameter of d (shown at d) constitute an im* portant feature in each form of myimproved burner, the action of the narrow channel formed at o d being to increase the generation of gaseous vapor, while by means of this burner-channel at the points named the air can freely pass for the maintenance of the flame. the edect of considerably accelerating the generation of the vapor in consequence of the increase in velocity while passing through the same.

Above the points 0 d the cones or hoods c and d extend in such manner that the vapors which have been forced through the narrow channel can expand and decrease in velocity and volume, thus causing the same to become freely mixed with air from the interior and exterior of the burner before reaching the incandescent body 3.

For the sake of clearness I will briefiy state the manner in which incandescent light is produced by my improved burner.

The round wick 17, Figs. 1 and 2, in the case of an ordinary petroleum-lamp is slightly screwed up beyond the burner-tube ct and then lighted. To elfeot this, the outer cone d must, of course, be lifted. As soon as the proper round and low state of the flame has been attained the cones are again adjusted in the right position, whereupon a blue flame The contraction of the channel has will be produced in consequence of the peculiar form of the cones d and 0. hen the incandescent body after a few seconds begins properly and perfectly to glow, the wick may be slightly turned down in order to reduce the consumption of oil.

In the truncated cone or hood 0 is an inverted cone 0', tapering downward, the action of which is to considerably facilitate the more complete mixing of the combustion-gases, for the reason that the air which ascends with great velocity from the bottom is caused, on the one hand, to ascend in an inclined direction and, on the otherhand, to escape from the upper portion of the hood 0. The conical distributer 0' causes the air arising from the interior of the burner to flowin such direction that the same mixes with the vapors arising from the contracted channel only after the vapors have expanded, in which state they obviously mix more freely with the air.

Figs. 4 and 5 show my improved burnerin connection with a mitrailleuse burner, (see also Fig. 6,) the downwardly-tapering distributing-cone c' in this case being attached to a vertical central rod n and a similar rod 02. The lower rod n supports the cone 0' as also a guide for the same, which will be hereinafter more fully described. The common bell-shaped incandescent mantle is suspended from a top central rod and fits closely on the exterior of the outer hood or truncated cone d. An upright rod 92 is provided with a hook which engages with a corresponding hole in the rod n, the said rod n Figs. 4 and 7, passingthrough a cross-rod of a ring p and being secured at this point by a nut. The ringp rests on the top edge of an especiallyadapted glass chimney q, over which a second glass chimney r is placed.

First, the construction hereinbefore described possesses the advantage that it is usuallyonly necessary to remove the top glass chimney for cleaning purposes, said cleaning,

however, only corresponding to the daily household cleaning of lamps as at present effected. The burner, being thus inclosed in the glass chimney q, is also protected against undue handling. Another advantage is also gained by arranging the parts, as described in the last paragraph, in connection with a lifting mechanism 25. (See Figs. 4t and 5.)

A disadvantage hitherto experienced in producing incandescent light from volatile fluid resided in the difficulty of igniting the flame, and occasionally three to four minutes elapsed before the flame became extended to its full extent.

To light the lamp, it would only be necessary to lift the cone or hood (Z. It is, however, possible to raise both the inner and outer cones or hoods simultaneously, so as to remove all possible impediments to the rapid development of a steady blue flame. In view of the fact that the connection between dand c is not possible without dividing the flame I effect, as shown in the drawings, the simultaneous raising of these parts by connecting the conical distributer c of the hood 0 and the glass chimney g by means of the parts 71, n 0, and p, actuated or operated by lifting mechanism of any approved type, the action of which is to raise in the guide a by means of the rod n the movable cone or hood 0 and also the glass chimney q and the cone 0?.

The raising of the whole apparatus, as described in thelast paragraph,enables the wick to be accessible and lighted as in an ordinary lamp, and thus the producing of a blue flame is considerably accelerated.

The hood (Z may be made in a separate piece from the cone-frustum-shaped piece upon which it rests, as shown in Figs. 2, 4., and 5.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a lamp-burner for producing incandescent light the combination of a perforated inner cone or hood 0, having just above the wick-flame an extension, with an outer hood (1, having a contraction also just above the wick-flame, said extensions and contractions covering the wick-flame and forming thus a narrow ring shaped opening or channel, whereby the said cones or hoods c and cl form above and below this narrow channel, wide circular channels as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

2. In a lamp-burner for producing incandescent light, the two perforated cones or hoods (Z and c in combination with the downwardly-tapering cone 0 in the inside of the cone or hood 6 said cone 0' causing the air to ascend in an inclined direction into the upper part of the space formed by the two cones c and cl as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In an incandescent lamp-burner, the inner truncated cone 0, the guiding mechanism at and n therefor, the rod n rising from said cone, the member 91 connected to the rod 11, the ring 19 attached to the member a, the gallery g supporting the ring p, and the lifting mechanism carrying the chimney q, whereby when the lifting mechanism is raised, the cone 0 will be elevated.

In witness whereof I have signed this specification in presence of two witnesses.

ADOLF ALBRECHT.

Witnesses:

W. HAUPT, HENRY HASPER. 

